History

The History of Paskal or "Pasukan Khas Laut" began in 1975, when The Royal Malaysian Navy saw a need for a security regiment trained in modern maritime warfare. It's main purpose is to protect naval bases all over Malaysia. The first batch of 30 officers, led by Captain Sutarji Kasmin (now Admiral, retired), was sent to the Malaysian Army's Special Warfare Training Center (Pusat Latihan Peperangan Khas) located at Sg Udang Military Camp, Melaka, Indonesia KOPASKA (TNI-AL/Indonesian Navy Underwater Combat Unit), Royal Marine Commando, UK and BUD-SEAL, USA. On 1st October 1980, PASKAL was officially established when the Government started to enforce the EEZ (Exclusive Economic Zone) which covered 200 nautical miles off Malaysian waters. Other than that, there was also a requirement to protect Malaysian offshore stations near the disputed Spratly island. Therefore, "Pasukan Khas Laut" (PASKAL) an elite navy commando team was formed on 1st October 1982 that able to execute military combat in total at sea, air and land.

PASKAL has an associate training program abroad such as the SAS/UK, NGSLO , BUD/SEAL, EOD - USA, Submarine Escape - Australia, Assault Swimmer - Australia, Clearance Diver - Australia/USA, Sniper Supervisor - Australia and Mountain Climbing - France, SASR Australia etc. On 26 August 1991, the National Security Council declared NAVY PASKAL is the main task force team to neutralize any terrorist attempt against oil rigs and oil tanker/ship and to act as one of the elements in Pasukan Aturgerak Cepat (PAC) or "Immediate Response Team".Today, PASKAL is equipped with the latest and most sophisticated weaponary and gadgets, such as night vision, sub skimmer (UDV), laser-guided assault rifle etc. Today, many among military personnel in the country, laud them to be the best operative special force in the region.

On April 15, 2009, PASKAL Team Command (PTC) was officially named KD Panglima Hitam in a ceremony held at the Royal Malaysian Navy HQ in Lumut, Perak by the King of Malaysia, Yang di-Pertuan Agong Tuanku Mizan Zainal Abidin to honour PASKAL's services to the nation. The name of KD Panglima Hitam or meaning in English as a HMS Black Knight has been inspired by His Majesty the Sultan of Selangor, Sultan Sharafuddin Idris Shah Al Haj, Al Marhum Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al Haj as an Honor Navy Captain. A total of 34 names of Sultan of Perak and 56 common names have been proposed to the RMN and eventually only the three main names are considered the most feasible, it is the KD Panglima Hitam, KD Halilintar and the KD Maharaja Lela. The decision was then made to choose a name KD Panglima Hitam since it is a name synonymous with a hero who always give undivided service to defend the sovereignty and security of the Sultan, the palace and the government. Panglima Hitam is the traditional nickname awarded to proven warriors during the era of the various Malay Sultanates in Perak, Selangor and Johore is a warrior who has a mystic and very powerful in the weapon tactics, and skilled in war maneuvers.The Panglima Hitam history and myth still remains a symbol of courages and characters.

Expertise–Specialist Course *source from WiKi

Insertion Techniques

• HALO/HAHO: conduct tactical high altitude via free-fall parachute insertion, employed in the covert insertion into enemy territory
• Special Patrol Insertion/Extraction: ability to rapidly insert and/or extract a reconnaissance patrol or assault team from the enemy area; conduct SPIE rig of personnel from combat zone.

Combat Technique

All PASKAL receive special training and operationally qualified to perform special operational duties. It's consists:

• Combat Tracking: conduct direct action missions in jungle terrain, employing guerilla tactics and dynamic counter-insurgency warfares and techniques.
• Pathfinding/Jungle Survival: capability to inserted or dropped into place in order to set up and operate drop zones, pickup zones, and helicopter landing sites for airborne operations, air resupply operations, or other air operations in support of the ground unit commander. Conducts survival skills to handle an emergency situation, especially in tropical forest and the beachheads.
• Unarmed Combat: conducts mix Malay Silat and Korean Taekwondo martial arts as the hand-to-hand combat to confront and taking down the enemy without firearms or other distance weapons at very close range.
• Close Quarters Combat Tactical: conduct tactical direct action missions, as well as visit, board, search, and seizure (VBSS) operations or destruction of offshore gas, and oil platforms, employing close quarter battle combat and dynamic assault tactics and techniques.
• Sniper/Counter-sniper tactics: conduct direct or counter sniper in the terrain of urban warfare, or jungle warfare to reconnaissance, reduce the enemy's fighting ability by striking at high value targets and pinning down and demoralizing the enemy, as well as provide covering fire for Malaysian or designated friendly forces from enemy attacks, as well as enemy snipers.
• Explosive Ordnance Disposal: ability to defusing or demolition the explosive materials, such as time bombs, unexploded bombs (UXBs), naval mines, etc.
• Combat search and rescue: conduct search and rescue the military personnel to carried out during war or peacekeeping mission that are within or near combat zones.
• Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain: conduct military operations in a built-up area.
• Combat Medic Specialist: conduct specialized medic for providing first aid and frontline trauma care on the battlefield.
• Foreign language: conduct foreign languages to communicated the friendly forces, foreign ethnics, etc.

Intelligence gathering

Besides the combat and insertion skills, the specialized units within the PASKALs are able to perform the intelligence capabilities to exploits a number of information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to commanders in support of their decisions. The intelligence capability is:

• Counterintelligence: conduct tactical counter-intelligence to prevent hostile or enemy intelligence organizations from successfully gathering and collecting intelligence against them.
• Signals intelligence – SIGINT: conduct tactical SIGINT, limited ground bases Electronic Warfare, and communications security monitoring and analysis in direct support. This is accomplished by employing organic collection and direction finding equipment as well as through connectivity to national and theater SIGINT/EW assets.
• C4-I Systems Implementations: conduct tactical C4-I techniques to provide intel to command centre. The objective is a thorough understanding of mutual command and control procedures, capabilities, and limitations developed through continual participation in joint and combined exercises.
• Special reconnaissance: conduct reconnaissance to operate at the behind enemy lines, avoiding direct combat and detection by the enemy.
• Long Range Reconnaissance Patrol: ability with special small four to six-man teams operated on reconnaissance and combat patrols, either obtaining highly vital intelligence, or performing highly dangerous raids and ambushes.

The PASKAL tactics and organization are heavily influenced by the British Special Boat Service (SBS) and the US Navy SEAL Team Six – DEVGRU. PASKAL usually trains with GGK as well as US Navy SEALs, Indonesian Navy KOPASKA and, of course – the SBS.

Navy PASKAL teams and structure

The team with tactical BDUs conducts CQC drills.

Naval Special Operations Units

The manpower details of this unit are highly classified. It is believed to be a regiment with an estimated 1,000 mens divided into two operations units – PASKAL Unit Satu (PASKAL – First Unit) based in the Lumut Naval base in Perak on Peninsular Malaysia, and PASKAL Unit Dua (PASKAL – 2nd Unit) which is based at KD Sri Semporna, a Malaysian Royal Navy base in Semporna, Sabah. A company-strength (detachment) is also based at the Teluk Sepanggar Naval Base near Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, where the RMN's proposed Submarine Training Centre will be set up soon.

PASKAL Platoon Stuctures

PASKAL organizes itself operationally into several squadrons of at least four companies (or platoons) each. Each company is in turn organised roughly along the lines of the US Green Berets' structure of Alpha, Bravo, Charlie and Delta Detachments. The smallest unit for PASKAL, however, is the so-called Boat Troop with seven men. Each PASKAL company consists of:-

Alpha platoon

The Versatile Special Operations Force, mainly trained for Maritime Counter-terrorism and other rescue operations into cargo vessels and oil rigs as well as urban terrain. This platoon is equipped with individual covering systems for close quarters combat.

Bravo platoon

Which consists of an oxygen combat diving team and a special air operations team both of which allow infiltration of enemy territory quietly. This squad is also trained to collect intelligence data to help the assault squad.

Charlie platoon

An auxiliary team with the role of strengthening special operations capacity from behind enemy lines.

Delta platoon

The conventional warfare team which dominated the amphibious warfare of PASKAL teams with special operation skills on the ground and sniping.

Basically each squadron contains a mixture of specialists that is usually adjusted for the specifics of the mission or area it is tasked to operate within. Each squadron normally carries a Combat Intelligence Team (Malay: Tim Risik Gempur, TRG), trained in maritime tactical intelligence, counter-intelligence and psychological operations

Well primed to repel attacks

By ZULKIFLI ABD RAHMAN - The Star

A group of Malaysian journalists had the rare opportunity of visiting the Royal Malaysian Navy base at Layang-Layang Island and sharing the experience of military personnel stationed there.
LAYANG-LAYANG Island is situated in a remote area in the South China Sea, 343km northwest of Kota Kinabalu.
Known as Swallow Reef, it is an atoll about 0.1km in size and is located in the vicinity of the disputed Spratly Islands.
(Comprising more than 100 small islands or reefs, the Spratly Islands are claimed in whole or in part, and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan and Vietnam.)

Staying tough: Two Royal Malaysian Navy Paskal special forces members taking part in an exercise in Pulau Layang-Layang.

Layang-Layang is dubbed the “Jewel of the Borneo Banks” as it is known worldwide for being a top dive site. It was declared by former Prime Minister Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad as within Malaysia's EEZ and the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) began operating a naval base on the island in 1983. The base began with the construction of a small living-cum-operations quarters. More buildings were added later, including two air-conditioned accommodation blocks, an aircraft landing strip, which can be used by Hercules C-130 and CN235 aircraft, two hangars, a radar station, an air traffic control tower, watchtowers and a jetty.
There is also a Fisheries Department research base here.
Patrols by navy soldiers in CB90H attack vessels and larger, faster patrol boats are carried out around the island.
The RMN’s elite Paskal or naval Special Forces commandos also help to maintain security.

Well prepared: Malaysian military personnel on Pulau Ubi, one of five remote islands in vicinity of Spratly Islands off Sabah.

It is also the location of the Layang-Layang Island Resort, which was constructed in 1989 and is the only place here that provides accommodation for divers who come from all over the world to marvel at the corals and vast marine life in the crystal-clear waters surrounding the island. A large windmill, the only one of its kind in Malaysia, was erected on the naval base. Maintained by Tenaga Nasional, it harnesses power from wind speeds of up to 50 knots per hour to provide additional electricity supply to the base, which is powered by diesel generators.
Several anti-ship and anti-aircraft guns are placed on several areas on the island and the RMAF personnel operate a Starburst air defence system to prevent low-level air attacks here.
The soldiers said the Starburst missile can target and hit hostile aircraft from 5km away.
The presence of soldiers from the Special Forces on the island demonstrates the sensitivity of the situation involving the overlapping claims on the many islands within the Spratlys archipelago.
Military personnel are needed to maintain Malaysia’s control of the island and also to protect the rich marine life surrounding it, said commanding officer of the Layang-Layang RMN Leftenan Khairul Nislah Ahmad.
His men maintain security on Layang-Layang and four other nearby islets or reefs - Ubi, Mantanani, Siput and Peninjau.
These islands are identified in international maps as Swallow Island (Layang-Layang), Ardasier Reef (Ubi), Mariveles Reef (Mantanani), Erica Reef (Siput) and Investigator Reef (Peninjau).
Lt Khairul said the islands were important strategic assets for the country and were believed to contain natural resources such as oil, phosphorous and natural gas. Meanwhile, the reefs are teeming with a beautiful and diverse marine life such as corals and many types of fish, which are great tourist attractions.
The commercial income from tuna fishing activities in Layang-Layang alone could amount to RM70mil annually, he revealed.
“We are also entrusted with the task of ensuring that only fishing vessels with permits are allowed into the area and fishermen they cannot catch legally-protected fish,” he said.
“Our troops also make patrols to prevent intrusions by foreign fishing boats or other types of vessels into our waters.
“Incidents such as illegal fishing, bombing of fish and theft of corals have been eliminated due to our presence in the area.”
Men stationed at the five islets monitor the movement of foreign ships and aircraft in the area, including military submarines that constantly ply the South China Sea, he added.
Lt Khairul said the armed forces personnel were normally stationed on the island on a three-month rotation.
The soldiers are transported to their respective stations on the five islets by navy boats from Layang-Layang once they arrive from Kota Kinabalu, where the Naval Area Base II (Mawila II) is located.
In the midst of a dinner held to welcome the journalists at the base, also known as Stesen Lima, heavily-armed Paskal commandos suddenly burst in, shouting that attackers had reached the base.
There were deafening rattles from automatic rifles and shots from anti-aircraft guns while thick smoke rose into the night sky.
In the confusion, two members of the media including my colleague, photographer Ong Soon Hin, were whisked away.
When the hullabaloo had settled, we were told that it was only a drama to demonstrate to us what would happen if the base was attacked.
RMN officer Lt Madya Zulhilmi Sahbudin, 25, who was stationed at Mantanani five months ago, said his duty, like that of his colleagues in Layang-Layang, was to ensure that the island was protected from intruders.
“For me there’s no other place like it in Malaysia. The waters around this island are blue and crystal-clear.
“It’s beautiful and many types of fish and corals can be seen,” he said.
Laskar Kanan Abdul Hail Hussin, 31, from Kota Kinabalu, agreed, saying that many Malaysians would jump at the opportunity to be stationed on a peaceful and remote island in the vast South China Sea.
But he confessed that boredom could creep in sometimes.
“I was happy to be selected to come here. The sight of the clear seawater and white beaches cannot be easily forgotten,” he said.
Due to security concerns, none of the soldiers on Layang-Layang would talk about movements of military ships in the area.
But every incident of close encounters with foreign ships and aircraft are logged, and I found out that soldiers sometimes saw military aircraft, ships, and submarines in the seas around the five islets.
However, no incident or confrontation has occurred.

Melaka Straits Training - Naga Emas

MELAKA STRAITS - After 600 years of terrorising seamen in the Straits of Melaka, pirates have finally met their match in the Royal Malaysian Navy's (RMN) Special Marine Forces (Paskal).

To show that it means business, Paskal held its first ever exercise codenamed "Naga Emas" in the Melaka Straits last Feb 21 and 22. Pirates have struck in the Melaka Straits since the Melaka Sultanate days mainly because the narrow waterway was used by some 30,000 ships a year and proved to be a lucrative ground for sea robbers.

Last year alone, 58 cases of pirate attacks were reported to the Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Coordination Centre (MECC), while the Indonesian side recorded 95 cases. Among the victims were Japanese oil tanker MT Global Star which was hijacked for three months by pirates in February last year and Panama-registered MV Alondra Rainbow cargo ship which was seized by 15 pirates in November 1999 before Indian warship INS Prahar went to its rescue.

Before that, two ships from Thailand - Siam Xanxai and Marine Master - also fell prey to pirates in the Melaka Straits. The extent of the problem was evident when three Indonesian pirates arrested by marine police last Oct 12 admitted to committing 30 robberies in the straits - 19 on merchant vessels and 11 on fishing boats.

On the night of Feb 21, journalists were invited to observe the Naga Emas exercise on board the MISC-owned MV Bunga Teratai 2 container ship. As the reporters were attending a briefing by MV Bunga Teratai 2 skipper Kapt Abdul Aziz Yunus, seven masked men armed with Russian-made AK102 rifles burst into the briefing room. One of the intruders handed to Abdul Aziz a paper containing their demands.

Abdul Aziz announced over the intercom at the control centre to inform the crew and passengers that the ship had been seized and it would sail to Melaka Straits at 5am as demanded by the raiders. That marked the start of the Naga Emas exercise. MISC reported the incident to the relevant government agencies, and the RMN intelligence corps was directed to gather data on the hijacked ship which was then in Port Klang waters.

Command and logistics vessel KD Mahawangsa and warship KD Serampang were directed to await the emergence of MV Bunga Teratai 2 at the Staits of Melaka the following day. On the morning of Feb 22, on board KD Mahawangsa 30 Paskal commandos armed with MP5 machineguns were waiting to spring into action. Finally, Paskal commanding officer Kapt Nasaruddin Othman gave the order to storm MV Bunga Teratai 2 at 1.30pm, using helicopters and four assault boats travelling at 60 knots to intercept the ship.

When the four boats closed in on the stern of MV Bunga Teratai 2, the 10-storey tall ship was travelling at 10 knots. A Paskal-designed winch was used to lift the Paskal members from the boats onto the deck in a matter of five minutes even as the ship was moving.

The pirates were overpowered, with the last two being forced to surrender after the commandos stormed the navigation room they were guarding. Paskal commanding officer Kapt Nasaruddin Othman, the exercise coordinator, said the drill was meant to deter pirate activities and to test Paskal's tactical capabilities to storm hijacked ships. "We want to send a signal to the elements (pirates) concerned that RMN and Paskal are ever ready to be deployed for operations," he told a news conference on board KD Mahawangsa soon after the exercise ended.

He urged other shipping companies to allow RMN to carry out similar exercises on their ships as the experience gained would come in handy in actual crises. The exercise, which involved 390 personnel of RMN, MISC, the National Security Council and other agencies, met its objective of testing the capabilities of Paskal.

Following the exercise, Paskal has been put on standby round-the-clock to combat piracies, especially those involving local ships. Abdul Aziz told Bernama that most skippers have identified the Sunda Straits area (between West Jawa and Sumatra) as the most piracy-prone stretch.

Before becoming skipper of the MISC ship, Abdul Aziz himself had experienced a pirate attack in that waterway. "Fortunately, they (pirates) were not violent, and they only escaped with several electronic equipment from the ship," he said. As a precaution, he now switches on all lights on deck while sailing and berthing. "It's not a good practice of seamanship, but since others do it we follow to prevent people with bad intention from getting near the ship," he said. He said all doors were also locked and crewmen are prohibited from loitering on the deck at night. "So if there are people outside, we know they are intruders," he said. - Bernama

Paskal Trained Astronaut

LUMUT, 23 Jan (Bernama) -- The Malaysian astronaut candidates who are not selected after the final screening in April will be made "family members" of the National Space Agency (Angkasa), said Science, Technology and Innovations Minister Datuk Seri Dr Jamaludin Jarjis.

"We will ask them to form an alumni so that they can continue to be involved in Angkasa activities," he said.

"They will be invited to become volunteers in the first Malaysian-made satellite (Razaksat) launching programme this year," he said after witnessing the subsequent trial session for astronaut candidates at the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) Base, here Monday.

Eighteen candidates started the Aeromedical II and Survival trial session beginning today until Thursday involving survival tests in water and on land.

He said that for this session, only 18 candidates were selected because the other nine failed the aerophysiology test and psychology test carried out from Jan 16 to 21 in Kuala Lumpur.

Jamaludin said that after the four-day trial session which would also be conducted by the RMN Commandos (Paskal), 10 more candidates would be dropped.

The remaining eight candidates would undergo another trial session in Kuala Lumpur before four of the eight candidates were chosen for a month-long training in Russia, and their selection would be announced by Deputy Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak.

He said Prime Minister Datuk Seri Abdullah Ahmad Badawi would announce the two candidates to pass the session in Russia in April and they would be sent back to Russia for training for 18 months before one of them was selected to be Malaysia's first astronaut scheduled to fly to outer space in October 2007.

"We are confident that the four candidates to be chosen for training in Russia would meet the requirement. I'm impressed with the interest and ability shown by those undergoing the trial sessions. The candidates and those conducting the trials are all very professional," Jamaludin said.

A total of 199 candidates took part in the first session in October last year before 57 were chosen to undergo the first Aeromedical trial session where 27 passed the test.

Meanwhile, S. Vanajah, 34, became the only woman left in the group of 18 candidates who would continue the challenge after Devina David failed in the selection.

-- BERNAMA

Commandant admits clashes with pirates in Sabah waters

STRAITS OF MELAKA Feb 27 - The commandant of the Marine Special Forces (Paskal) has admitted of clashes between his commando unit and the pirates in waters off East Sabah.

"Our capability is not only seen formidable in training but has been tested as well. I can't revealed the details," said Paskal Special Operations Officer, Lt. Commander Che Adnan Mat Isa.

He was asked by reporters onboard the KD Mahawangsa during the "Naga Emas" 41/2002 exercise if Paskal had been an effective force in fighting the pirates since there was not much publicity on the unit since its formation in 1981.

Che Adnan said it was no surprise to him since the waters off East Sabah were highly dangerous, infested with pirates as well as serving as a route of Philippine rebels.

But, he refused to say if the marine commandos had clashes with the rebels. He said the pirates were also armed with sophisticated weapons and more organised compared to in the past. "In the past, we heard only of traditional pirates but with the current economic slowdown, a new bred of pirates have emerged," he said.

He said the new bred of pirates could change the identity of a ship in no time, suggesting that they had the logistics support and a professional organisation. Che Adnan however refused to comment on whether these pirates could be foreign military personnel who resorted to piracy to buffer the effects of the recession.

He also said the government was expanding the special forces but it was no easy task. "We need men. If 60 apply, only two will make the cut," he said. He said that with the information explosion, the authorities were now more liberal in talking about Paskal which at one time was the country's secret. Some 40 Paskal members are involved in the exercise which include the use of latest laser-guided assault rifles.

Komando Paskal dihantar kawal perairan Sabah

PEKAN 2 Dis. - Penghantaran komando Pasukan Khas Laut (Paskal) adalah antara langkah baru yang diambil oleh Angkatan Tentera Malaysia (ATM) untuk mengawal perairan Sabah ekoran pergolakan di selatan Filipina.

Menteri Pertahanan, Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak berkata, penghantaran Paskal itu dibuat kerana pihaknya mendapati tiga kemungkinan yang boleh mengancam keselamatan sekiranya pergolakan di selatan Filipina berlarutan.

Kata beliau, ketiga-tiga kemungkinan itu ialah kebanjiran pelarian dan pendatang tanpa izin, kehadiran kumpulan pemberontak yang cuba melarikan diri dan bersembunyi di Sabah serta ancaman penculikan terhadap rakyat Malaysia untuk dijadikan tebusan. ``Kita telah menghantar sekumpulan anggota Paskal dan satu kompeni tentera di Sandakan sebagai persediaan sekiranya berlaku ancaman,'' kata Najib.

Beliau berkata demikian selepas menyampaikan bantuan untuk anak-anak yatim daerah Pekan di pusat khidmat masyarakat di sini hari ini. Kata Najib, langkah lain ATM dalam usaha mengetatkan kawalan di perairan Sabah turut melibatkan penambahan bilangan kapal Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia (TLDM) dan penggunaan bot tempur BC-90.

Menurut beliau, sekiranya keadaan di Sabah bertambah serius, ATM bersedia untuk menggerakkan dua batalion Rejimen Askar Melayu Diraja (RAMD). ``Kalau bertambah serius, kedua-dua batalion ini boleh digerakkan dalam masa beberapa jam sahaja di mana-mana lokasi yang diperlukan,'' jelasnya. Menurut beliau, ketika ini pengawasan ATM di timur Sabah dibahagikan kepada dua sektor iaitu di bahagian utara merupakan tanggungjawab Batalion Kelima RAMD dan selatan diserahkan kepada Batalion Ketiga.

``Selain itu, Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia (TUDM) diarah menjalankan rondaan udara pada waktu siang dan malam dengan menggunakan pesawat Witchcraft dan pesawat C-130,'' katanya. Najib menambah, ATM turut mengadakan kerjasama erat dengan Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM) dalam usaha memastikan keselamatan perairan Sabah terus terjamin.